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Kabaddi
- an Indian game
History
 Though
kabaddi is primarily an Indian game, not much is known about
the origin of this game. There is, however, concrete
evidence, that the game is 4,000 year old. It is a team
sport, which requires both skill and power, and combines the
characteristics of wrestling and rugby. It was originally
meant to develop self defence, in addition to responses to
attack, and reflexes of counter attack by individuals, and
by groups or teams. It is a rather simple and inexpensive
game, and neither requires a massive playing area, nor any
expensive equipment. This explains the popularity of the
game in rural India. Kabaddi is played all over Asia with
minor variations.
Kabaddi is
known by various names viz. Chedugudu or Hu-Tu-Tu in
southern parts of India, Hadudu (Men) and Chu - Kit-Kit (women)
in eastern India, and Kabaddi in northern India. The sport
is also popular in Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Japan and
Pakistan.
Types of
Kabaddi
In India,
Kabaddi is recognised in three forms:
The 'Surjeevani' form of Kabaddi is played under the Kabaddi
Federation of India, and is governed by its rules and
regulations. In the 'Surjeevani' form of Kabaddi, one player
is revived against one player of the opposite team who is
out. i.e. one out, one in. The duration of the game, the
number of players, the dimensions of the court, etc. have
been fixed by the Kabaddi Federation of India.
In the 'Gaminee'
type of Kabaddi, there is no revival. When all the players
of team are out, the game ends. So there is no time limit in
this category.
In the 'Amar'
form of Kabaddi, whenever any player is touched (out), he
does not go out of the court, but stays inside, and one
point is awarded to the team that touched him. In this way,
one point for each touch of the opposite team, i.e. to the
team who touches the anti player. This game is also played
on a time basis, i .e the time is fixed.
In the
northern part of the country, i.e. Punjab, Haryana, Uttar
Pradesh and Delhi, this game is played in a circle. This is
known as 'Circle Kabaddi' or Amar Kabaddi. If it is played
without a court, as in some places, it's called 'Goongi
Kabaddi'. The Goongi Kabaddi is nothing but wrestling
between two players.
The first
world Kabaddi championship in the history of the game, was
organised in Hamilton when approximately 14,000 people
packed Copps Coliseum, to watch stars from India, Pakistan,
Canada, England, and the United States compete.
The Kabaddi
Federation of India (KFI) was founded in 1950, and it
compiled a standard set of rules. The Amateur Kabaddi
Federation of India (AKFI) was founded in 1973. The AKFI has
given new shape to the rules, and it has also the rights of
modification in the rules. The Asian Kabaddi Federation was
founded under the chairmanship of Mr. Sharad Pawar (Maharashtra).
Some of the
Arjuna Award winners are Sh. Sadanand Mahadeo Shetty, Sh.
Sadanand Mahadeo Shetty, Sh. Shakuntla Panghar Kholavakar,
Sh. Shantaram Jaatu, Kumari Monika Nath, Kumari Maya Kashi
Nath, Rama Sarkar etc. Kabaddi was one of the demonstration
games at Asiad '82.
How to play
In Kabaddi,
two teams compete with each other for higher scores, by
touching or capturing the players of the opponent team. Each
team consists of 12 players, of which seven are on court at
a time, and five in reserve. The two teams fight for higher
scores, alternating defence and offense. The court is as
large as that for a dodge ball game. The game consists of
two 20 minute halves, with a break of five minutes for
change of sides.
The kabaddi
playing area is 12.50m x 10m, divided by a line into two
halves. The side winning the toss sends a 'raider', who
enters the opponents' court chanting, 'kabaddi-kabaddi'. The
raider's aim is to touch any or all players on the opposing
side, and return to his court in one breath. The person,
whom the raider touches, will then be out. The aim of the
opposing team, will be to hold the raider, and stop him from
returning to his own court, until he takes another breath.
If the raider cannot return to his court in the same breath
while chanting 'kabaddi', he will be declared out. Each team
alternates in sending a player into the opponents' court. If
a player goes out of the boundary line during the course of
the play, or if any part of his body touches the ground
outside the boundary, he will be out, except during a
struggle.
Lona
The team
scores a lona ( a bonus of two points), if the entire
opposition is declared out. The game then continues by
putting all the players on both sides. Matches are staged on
the basis of age-groups, and weight. Seven officials
supervise a match - one referee, two umpires, two linesmen,
a time keeper and a scorer.
Kabaddi is
usually made of 2 20 minute halves.Depending on the
tournament organizers the halves can be from 10,15 or 20
Mins. Each team usually consists of 5-6 stoppers and 4-5
raiders.At one time only 4 stoppers are allowed to
play on the field. Every time a stopper stops the raider
from going back to his starting point,that stoppers team
gets 1 point.On the other hand everytime the raider the
raider tags one of stoppers and returns to his starting
point,his team gets one point.
At on time
only one of the stoppers can try to stop the raider.If
more than one touch the raider than that is an automatic
technical point for the raiders team.If the stopper is
pushed out by the raider or vice versa ,then the team who's
member is still in the field gets a point.If both the raider
and the stopper go out,then the point is nobody's.This is
called a common point.
Source:
hiindia.com
(found by Bijon Chatterji) |
